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MOVE

MOVE, the Philadelphia naturalist and Black liberation organization founded by John Africa, has been at the center of two of the most notorious episodes of state violence in modern American history: the 1978 Powelton Village siege that produced the MOVE 9, imprisoned for four decades on a single officer's death, and the May 13, 1985 police bombing of Osage Avenue that killed eleven people, five of them children — after which the only person imprisoned was the sole adult survivor, Ramona Africa. The events below trace the organization's history and its prisoners.

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