About Organizations
Black Panther Party
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Nation of Islam
NATION OF ISLAM
The Nation of Islam built the largest independent Black organization of the mid-twentieth century — and its history runs through the prisons at every point: Elijah Muhammad and scores of Muslims jailed in the World War II draft prosecutions, Malcolm X converted in a Massachusetts cellblock, and Muslim prisoners whose lawsuits, above all Cooper v. Pate, founded modern prisoners'-rights law, all under FBI surveillance programs that ran for half a century. The events below trace that history.
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