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California
Political repression plays out state by state — shaped by local institutions, prosecutors, and movements for defense. These are the documented political prisoners and cases the census holds for California.
793Documented
19In custody
706Released
9Awaiting trial
Eras of repression in California
Where California’s entries fall across the census’s historical eras.
1910s 164
1970s 123
1930s 97
1960s 85
2000s 72
1950s 66
Documented cases
793 entries in the census — every one stays in the record, whether the case is open or closed.
Kevin Art
Released
Irish republican prisoner held at the Federal Detention Center in Pleasanton, California on US federal charges...
Sherman Austin
Released
Sherman Martin Austin, age 18, was the founder and webmaster of the anarchist website raisethefist.com. Pleade...
Bob Avakian
Released
A longtime Maoist organizer and theorist, Avakian emerged from 1960s political organizing in Berkeley and went...
Joan Baez
Released
Joan Baez paired a high-profile music career with sustained public activism, particularly around civil rights,...
Frank Bailey
Released
Frank Bailey, an IWW member from Sacramento, received a four-year prison sentence, which he served in San Quen...
Benny Baker
Released
One of six gay men arrested by undercover LAPD officers during the January 1, 1967 raid on the Black Cat Taver...
Miguel Balderos
Released
Miguel Balderos is an anarchist and current political prisoner who was sentenced to 10 years and 8 months in p...
Sonia Baltruin
Released
Sonia Baltruin was arrested and clubbed leading a 1930 Oakland, California City Hall demonstration protesting...
Sam Barman
Released
Sam Barman was arrested and clubbed leading a 1930 Oakland, California City Hall demonstration protesting poli...
Peter De Bernardi
Released
Peter De Bernardi, from Mountain View, California, was convicted at the mass IWW trial in Sacramento and sente...
Alvah Bessie
Released
Alvah Bessie, a screenwriter and novelist who had volunteered with the Abraham Lincoln Brigade to fight fascis...
Herbert Biberman
Released
Herbert Biberman, a screenwriter and director was one of the “Hollywood Ten,” the screenwriters, directors and...
Warren Billings
Released
Warren Billings Born in Middletown, New York on Independence Day 1893; young shoe-workers' organizer convicted...
Stephen Bingham
Attorney for George Jackson. The Black Panther Vol. 19 no.10 (1979) describes as absurd the prosecution's 'gun...
Elaine Black
Released
Elaine Black was an ILD district organizer convicted of "belonging to an illegal organization" and sentenced t...
Franz Bopp
Released
Franz Bopp was the German Consul-General in San Francisco from 1914 until his arrest on April 8, 1917. He was...
Veronza Bowers
Released
Veronza Leon Bowers Jr. was a member of the Kansas City chapter of the Black Panther Party. He was arrested in...
Lenni Brenner
Released
Lenni Brenner, known as Lenny Glaser during the Berkeley Free Speech Movement, was a civil-rights and antiwar...
Harry Brewer
Released
Harry Brewer, a railroad man from Sacramento, California, was convicted at the mass IWW trial in Sacramento an...
Harry Bridges
Released
Australian-born president of the International Longshore and Warehouse Union (ILWU) for 40 years. Led the 1934...
Carl Browne
Released
California labor agitator, illustrator, and chief lieutenant of Coxey's Army — known within the Commonweal of...
Jackson Browne
Released
Singer-songwriter and co-founder of Musicians United for Safe Energy (MUSE) and the No Nukes concerts. Among t...
Joseph Buddenberg
Released
Joseph Buddenberg is an animal rights activist from Southern California who, along with Nicole Kissane, was in...
Nilak Butler
Released
Nilak Butler was an Inuit activist who joined the American Indian Movement in 1974 and later helped found the...
Institutions in California
Prisons, jails, and detention centers in California that appear in the census’s case files.
San Quentin State PrisonSan Quentin, California
150 cases
Federal Bureau of Prisons
59 cases
San Quentin Rehabilitation CenterSan Quentin, California
23 cases
Presidio StockadeSan Francisco, California
22 cases
Los Angeles County JailLos Angeles, California
21 cases
Metropolitan Detention Center, Los AngelesLos Angeles, California
14 cases
San Francisco County JailSan Francisco, California
13 cases
Alameda County JailOakland, California
10 cases