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New York

Political repression plays out state by state — shaped by local institutions, prosecutors, and movements for defense. These are the documented political prisoners and cases the census holds for New York.

2,077Documented
25In custody
1,084Released
7Awaiting trial

Eras of repression in New York

Where New York’s entries fall across the census’s historical eras.

1930s 715 1940s 176 1970s 173 1910s 169 1920s 165 1950s 161

Documented cases

2,077 entries in the census — every one stays in the record, whether the case is open or closed.

Dennis Rivera
Released
Dennis Rivera, the Puerto Rico-born president of New York's 1199/SEIU health-care workers union — then one of...
Paul Robeson
Released
Paul Robeson — the Black singer, actor, and activist — was held in contempt by the House Un-American Activitie...
Geraldine Robinson
Released
Geraldine Robinson Pointer worked with Black liberation activist and bookseller Martin Sostre at Buffalo’s Afr...
Fred Robison
Released
Fred Robison was an IBSA member (i.e., a Jehovah's Witness). Fred H. Robison began serving a prison sentence o...
Merrill Rogers
Released
Merrill Rogers was the Business manager of The Masses. Indicted in November 1917 along with editor Max Eastman...
Joe Rogers
Joe Rogers, a Daily Worker seller on New York’s Lexington Avenue subway, was arrested by two company policemen...
Massimo Romagnoli
Released
Massimo Romagnoli, a former member of the Italian Parliament, conspired in 2014 with U.S. citizen Virgil Flavi...
Lee Roper
Released
Lee Roper was a Black Panther Party member indicted in the April 2, 1969 New York Panther 21 conspiracy case....
Andrés Rosado
Released
Andrés Rosado, with his brother Julio, was a Puerto Rican independence activist and grand jury resister, jaile...
Julio Rosado
Released
Julio Rosado, with his brother Andrés, was a Puerto Rican independence activist and one of the well-known "gra...
Eve Rosahn
Released
Eve was a White anti-imperialist activist jailed for civil contempt in the early 1980s after refusing to coope...
Ethel Rosenberg
Released
Ethel Rosenberg was raised in a poor Jewish tenement family on Manhattan's Lower East Side; labor activist and...
Jerome Rosenberg
Jerome Rosenberg identified himself by his full name and the alias Jerry the Jew in February 1972 WBAI intervi...
Julius Rosenberg
Released
Julius Rosenberg was an American electrical engineer and member of the Communist Party USA who, with his wife...
Susan Rosenberg
Released
Susan Rosenberg was a New York-born radical who joined the May 19th Communist Organization in the late 1970s a...
B. Ross
B. Ross was among the Buffalo workers jailed after demanding work or wages, according to Labor Defender. The...
Mark Rudd
Released
Mark was a chairman of the Columbia University chapter of Students for a Democratic Society who led the 1968 o...
John Ruggles
Released
John Ruggles was prosecuted for blasphemy in New York. On September 2, 1810, John Ruggles, speaking in a loud...
Joseph Franklin Rutherford
Released
Joseph Franklin Rutherford was a Missouri-born lawyer; successor to Charles Taze Russell as president of the W...
José Ríos
Released
Jose was a Puerto Rican activist and telephone repairman prosecuted with the New York 8+ in a federal RICO con...
Harry Sacher
Released
Harry Sacher was a defense attorney at the 1949 Foley Square trial of the eleven Communist Party leaders. For...
Luis Salazar
Released
Luis Salazar was an ACT UP activist arrested in the same 1990 Albany state AIDS-budget action, identified by K...
Margaret Sanger
Released
Margaret Sanger was the founder of the first U.S. birth-control clinic at 46 Amboy Street, Brownsville, Brookl...
William Sanger
Released
William Sanger was an American architect and painter, and the husband of the birth-control campaigner Margaret...

Institutions in New York

Prisons, jails, and detention centers in New York that appear in the census’s case files.

Ellis Island Immigration StationNew York, New York
215 cases
Fort LafayetteNew York, New York
201 cases
Manhattan House of Detention (the Tombs)New York, New York
21 cases
Attica Correctional FacilityAttica, New York
20 cases
Sing Sing Correctional FacilityOssining, New York
15 cases
Ellis IslandNew York, New York
15 cases
Metropolitan Correctional Center, New YorkNew York, New York
13 cases
Metropolitan Correctional CenterNew York, New York
10 cases