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New York

Political repression plays out state by state — shaped by local institutions, prosecutors, and movements for defense. These are the documented political prisoners and cases the census holds for New York.

859Documented
24In custody
787Released
2Awaiting trial

Eras of repression in New York

Where New York’s entries fall across the census’s historical eras.

1950s 137 1910s 137 1970s 87 1960s 87 1980s 81 1930s 65

Documented cases

859 entries in the census — every one stays in the record, whether the case is open or closed.

Pete Seeger
Released
Pete Seeger, the folk singer, was cited for contempt of Congress in 1956 after refusing — on First Amendment g...
Roderick Seidenberg
Released
Roderick Seidenberg, a German-born New York architect and writer, was a secular absolutist who objected on gro...
Max Shachtman
Released
Max Shachtman, a communist writer and editor of the Labor Defender, was arrested in the July 3, 1928 Wall Stre...
Samantha Shader
Released
Samantha Shader, 27, of Brooklyn, NY was arrested on May 31, 2020 after attempting to use Molotov cocktails to...
Justin Shafer
Released
Justin Shafer is an independent security researcher who was subpoenaed by the Justice Department for the ident...
Tarik Shah
Released
Tarik Shah, a martial arts instructor from the Bronx, was arrested in the mid-2000s as part of a terrorism inv...
Afeni Shakur
Released
Afeni Shakur, born Alice Faye Williams in Lumberton, North Carolina in 1947, was a leader of the New York chap...
Lumumba Shakur
Released
Lumumba Abdul Shakur, born Anthony Coston, was the section leader of the Harlem chapter of the Black Panther P...
Fred Shearer
Released
Fred Shearer was one of the Buffalo, New York workers jailed in 1930 for demanding "work or wages" in the unem...
Teresa Yue Shen
Released
Activist from New York arrested January 18, 2023 during law enforcement raids on the Weelaunee forest in Atlan...
William Shifrin
Released
William Shifrin, a member of the New York butchers' union, was indicted for manslaughter after killing, in sel...
Morris Sigman
Released
Morris Sigman was an International Ladies Garment Workers Union union secretary-treasurer detained in the pros...
Max D. Singer
Released
Max D. Singer was an International Ladies Garment Workers Union cloakmakers’ union member detained in the pros...
Agnes Smedley
Released
Agnes Smedley was an American journalist, feminist, and anticolonial activist best known for her later reporti...
Corey Smith
Released
Corey Smith, 24, gender non-conforming, with co-defendant Elaine Carberry, set fire to a marked NYPD Homeless...
Ferdinand Smith
Released
Ferdinand Smith was a co-founder and national secretary of the National Maritime Union and the first Black mem...
Frank Big Black Smith
Released
Frank Big Black Smith was a 300-pound African-American prisoner at Attica Correctional Facility in upstate New...
Morton Sobell
Released
CCNY engineering classmate of Julius Rosenberg's who worked on military radar and ordnance contracts. Fled wit...
Karl Soehnlein
Released
Karl Soehnlein was an ACT UP/New York activist arrested during a sit-in outside the chamber of the New York St...
Martin Sostre
Released
Martin Sostre was the owner of a Buffalo, NY bookstore which was the city's center of Black radicalism. Martin...
Benjamin Spock
Released
Dr. Benjamin Spock, the famous pediatrician and author of "The Common Sense Book of Baby and Child Care," was...
Ranjani Srinivasan
Released
Ranjani Srinivasan is an Indian national and doctoral researcher who was enrolled at Columbia University. In 2...
Suresh Sriskandarajah
Released
Suresh Sriskandarajah assisted the Tamil Tigers in researching and acquiring aviation equipment, submarine and...
Jacob Stachel
Released
ONE OF ELEVEN COMMUNISTS SENTENCED UNDER DENNIS V. UNITED STATES: Jack Stachel, a leader of the communist Work...

Institutions in New York

Prisons, jails, and detention centers in New York that appear in the census’s case files.

Ellis Island Immigration StationNew York, New York
184 cases
Manhattan House of Detention (the Tombs)New York, New York
17 cases
Sing Sing Correctional FacilityOssining, New York
14 cases
Attica Correctional FacilityAttica, New York
13 cases
Metropolitan Correctional CenterNew York, New York
11 cases
MDC BrooklynBrooklyn, New York
9 cases
Metropolitan Correctional Center, New YorkNew York, New York
9 cases
Blackwell's Island PenitentiaryNew York, New York
8 cases