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Oklahoma

Political repression plays out state by state — shaped by local institutions, prosecutors, and movements for defense. These are the documented political prisoners and cases the census holds for Oklahoma.

124Documented

0In custody

118Released

Eras of repression in Oklahoma

Where Oklahoma’s entries fall across the census’s historical eras.

1910s 89 1930s 11 1940s 7 2000s 5 1970s 5 2020s 2

Documented cases

124 entries in the census — every one stays in the record, whether the case is open or closed.

Chiricahua Apache leader of the last major Indigenous armed resistance to U.S. expansion in the Southwest. Sur...

W. L. Bennefield

W. L. Bennefield, a farmer, a Socialist and a member of the Working Class Union from Oklahoma, was sentenced t...

B. F. Bryant, a member of both the Socialist Party and the Universal Union from Maysville, Oklahoma, was sente...

Casey Camp-Horinek

Casey Camp-Horinek is a Ponca Nation of Oklahoma elder, hereditary Drumkeeper, former tribal councilwoman, env...

Roy Crane, from Oklahoma, was sentenced to seven years in prison and served at Leavenworth Penitentiary.

J. T. Cumbie, a seventy-four-year-old minister and a Socialist from Oklahoma, was sentenced to six years in pr...

Albert Eberlie, a farmer from Sasakwa, Oklahoma, was sentenced to two years in prison. He served in Leavenwort...

Mrs. Flora Foreman

Mrs. Flora Foreman, a Socialist from Oregon, was sentenced to two to five years in prison. She served in the W...

Ira Hardy, an African-American farmer from Rocky Point, Oklahoma, was sentenced to two years in prison. He ser...

Chitto Harjo was a Muscogee (Creek) leader arrested on January 27, 1901 along with a large body of followers r...

Rev. William Madison Hicks

Rev. William Madison Hicks apreacher, a lawyer, a pacifist and a Socialist Party member from Guthrie, Oklahoma...

J. H. Majors, from Bear, Oklahoma, was sentenced to two years in prison. He served in Leavenworth Penitentiary...

J. A. Maxwell, a farmer from Broken Arrow, Oklahoma, was sentenced to two years in prison. He served in Leaven...

C. W. Morris, a Working Class Union member from Oklahoma, was sentenced to six years in prison. He served in L...

H. H. Munson, a Socialist and president of the Working Class Union from Oklahoma, was arrested in May 1917 and...

Isael Antonio Ortiz is an Oklahoma City man convicted in connection with the May 30, 2020 BLM protests in down...

Walter Phillips

Walter Phillips, a Working Class Unionmember from Oklahoma, was sentenced to four years in prison. He served i...

Earl Potter, a barber from Konawa, Oklahoma, was sentenced to two years in prison. He served in Leavenworth Pe...

Victor Privat, from Ketchum, Oklahoma, was sentenced to two years in prison. He served in Leavenworth Penitent...

Walter M. Reeder

Walter M. Reeder, a Universal Union member from Wilson, Oklahoma, was sentenced to six years in prison and ser...

Billie Rogers, from Oklahoma, was sentenced to ten years in prison and served in Leavenworth Penitentiary from...

Alan Shaw was the 22-year-old Oklahoma City secretary of the Communist Party, arrested in August 1940 and held...

John Shirey, a Working Class Union member from Oklahoma, was sentenced to six years in prison. He served in Le...

Tobe Simons, a Working Class Union member from Oklahoma, was sentenced to four to six years in prison. He serv...

Institutions in Oklahoma

Prisons, jails, and detention centers in Oklahoma that appear in the census’s case files.

Fort Sill brigFort Sill, Oklahoma

5 cases

Oklahoma County JailOklahoma City, Oklahoma

3 cases

Oklahoma State PenitentiaryMcAlester, Oklahoma

2 cases

Mabel Bassett Correctional InstitutionMcLoud, Oklahoma

1 case

Fort Pickens / Mount Vernon Barracks / Fort Sill

1 case

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