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Oklahoma

Political repression plays out state by state — shaped by local institutions, prosecutors, and movements for defense. These are the documented political prisoners and cases the census holds for Oklahoma.

124Documented
0In custody
118Released

Eras of repression in Oklahoma

Where Oklahoma’s entries fall across the census’s historical eras.

1910s 89 1930s 11 1940s 7 2000s 5 1970s 5 2020s 2

Documented cases

124 entries in the census — every one stays in the record, whether the case is open or closed.

J. R. Sparkman
Released
J. R. Sparkman, a Working Class Union member from Oklahoma, was sentenced to six years in prison and served in...
H. C. Spence
Released
H. C. Spence, from Wewoka, Oklahoma, was sentenced to ten years in prison and served in Leavenworth Penitentia...
Homer C. Spence
Released
Homer C. Spence was a tenant farmer and an organizer for the Working Class Union (WCU), an interracial (white,...
Wes Studi
Released
Wes Studi is a Cherokee actor and producer — later the first Native American to win an Academy Award for actin...
Richard Ray Whitman
Released
Richard Ray Whitman is a Yuchi/Muscogee (Creek) multidisciplinary artist, photographer, poet, and actor from O...
Earl Whitten
Released
Earl Whitten, a Working Class Union member from Oklahoma, was sentenced to six years in prison and served from...
J. E. Wiggins
Released
J. E. Wiggins, from Oklahoma, was sentenced to four years in prison and served in Leavenworth Penitentiary fro...
A
Anthony Michael Anderson
Released
Anthony Michael Anderson was a U.S. Army soldier who pled guilty to desertion and disobeying an order in Novem...
G
Gerhard M. Baergen
Released
Gerhard M. Baergen was a Mennonite conscientious objector from Oklahoma imprisoned during World War I. Court-m...
D
Dale Bartell
Released
Specialist Dale Bartell was a U.S. Army soldier who refused to deploy to Iraq in May 2005 to preserve his pend...
H
Henry J. Becker
Released
Henry J. Becker was a Mennonite conscientious objector from Oklahoma imprisoned during World War I. Court-mart...
A
Arthur Berg
Released
Arthur Berg, a delegate for the Oil Workers Industrial Union of the IWW, received a ten-year sentence for viol...
D
David W. Berg
Released
David W. Berg was a Mennonite Brethren conscientious objector from Oklahoma imprisoned during World War I. Cou...
J
John Bergen
John Bergen was a Mennonite conscientious objector from Oklahoma imprisoned during World War I. Court-martiale...
H
Henry D. Boese
Released
Henry D. Boese was a Mennonite conscientious objector from Oklahoma imprisoned during World War I. Court-marti...
H
Herbert Brausch
Released
Herbert 'Herb' Brausch was an Oklahoma City labor organizer who founded Local 602 of the Hod Carriers' Union....
F
Fred F. Butz
Released
Fred F. Butz was a Mennonite conscientious objector from Oklahoma imprisoned during World War I. Court-martial...
H
Harry L. Charles
Released
Harry L. Charles was a Quaker from Woodward County, Oklahoma — a member of the Religious Society of Friends si...
F
F. Clark
Released
F. Clark, a Universal Union member from western Oklahoma, received a prison sentence of eight years, which was...
C
Charles T. Clay
Released
Charles T. Clay was a conscientious objector from Oklahoma imprisoned during World War I. Court-martialed for...
W
Wilma Conners
Released
Wilma Conners was one of the Oklahoma City unemployed workers convicted under a federal statute after a 1934 r...
F
F. M. Darby
Released
F. M. Darby appears in the National Civil Liberties Bureau's March 1919 compilation "War-Time Prosecutions and...
R
Reuben J. Eash
Released
Reuben J. Eash, from Thomas, Oklahoma, was a Mennonite and objected to military service on religious grounds....
M
Melvin Emlery
Released
Melvin Emlery was a Pentecostal conscientious objector from Oklahoma imprisoned during World War I. Court-mart...

Institutions in Oklahoma

Prisons, jails, and detention centers in Oklahoma that appear in the census’s case files.

Fort Sill brigFort Sill, Oklahoma
5 cases
Oklahoma County JailOklahoma City, Oklahoma
3 cases
Oklahoma State PenitentiaryMcAlester, Oklahoma
2 cases
Mabel Bassett Correctional InstitutionMcLoud, Oklahoma
1 case
Fort Pickens / Mount Vernon Barracks / Fort Sill
1 case