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California

Political repression plays out state by state — shaped by local institutions, prosecutors, and movements for defense. These are the documented political prisoners and cases the census holds for California.

1,533Documented
32In custody
958Released
13Awaiting trial

Eras of repression in California

Where California’s entries fall across the census’s historical eras.

1930s 361 1970s 206 1960s 205 1910s 176 2020s 125 1980s 90

Documented cases

1,533 entries in the census — every one stays in the record, whether the case is open or closed.

Roosevelt Williams
Roosevelt Williams was a Black prisoner at Soledad State Prison and one of the Soledad Seven, a group the Blac...
Sharon Williams
Sharon Williams was arrested after the raid on the Toure Community Center. Contemporary Party and medical repo...
Tommye Williams
Tommye Williams was wounded in both thighs during the raid on Central Avenue headquarters. The Party newspaper...
Brian Willson
Released
S. Brian Willson is an American attorney, U.S. Air Force veteran of the Vietnam War (he served as a combat sec...
Joe Wilson
Released
Joe Wilson was the San Francisco district secretary of the International Labor Defense during the 1934 waterfr...
Martin Wilson
Released
Martin Wilson was a Communist and an organizer with the Cannery and Agricultural Workers Industrial Union (CAW...
Josh Wolf
Released
Josh Wolf was a freelance video blogger and internet videoblogger who was jailed by a Federal district court o...
Jennie Wolfson
Released
Jennie Wolfson was one of the staff of the communist children's summer camp at Yucaipa, California convicted i...
Jeane Wong
Released
Jeane “Blue” Wong is a San Diego educator and immigration enforcement protest organizer. Federal agents arrest...
Dean Wyrzykowski
Awaiting Trial
Dean Wyrzykowski, of San Francisco, California, is an animal-rights activist and one of four co-defendants — a...
Einosuke Yamaguchi
Released
Einosuke Yamaguchi, also recorded as Enosuke Yamaguchi and Pauley, was a Japanese radical organizer in Los Ang...
Oleta O'Connor Yates
Released
Oleta O'Connor Yates was the California CPUSA chair; lead named defendant in Yates v. United States, 354 U.S....
Karl Yoneda
Released
Karl Yoneda was a Japanese-American Communist and labor organizer active on the California waterfront and in t...
Wendy Yoshimura
Released
Wendy Yoshimura is a Japanese-American artist prosecuted for the 1972 Berkeley explosives and weapons case. Sh...
George "Duck" Young
George Young, known as Duck, was a Los Angeles Panther listed in the contemporary LA 18 defense campaign. The...
Peter Young
Released
Peter Young is an animal rights activist and the first person convicted of Animal Enterprise Terrorism. His ch...
Joyanna Zacher
Released
Joyanna "Sadie" Zacher is an environmentalist and a former Green Scare prisoner affiliated with the Earth Libe...
Curtis Zahn
Released
Curtis Zahn was a poet, playwright and journalist who spent a year in federal prison as a conscientious object...
Gus Zamora
Released
Gustavo was a Mexican-American defendant whose surname gave its name to the appellate decision that overturned...
Michael ZinZun
Released
Michael ZinZun was a Black Southern California community activist described by The Black Panther Vol. 14 no.4...
Conrad de Jesus
Conrad de Jesus protested U.S. support for Israel by blocking the Golden Gate Bridge in April 2024. A jury con...
Wilhelm von Brincken
Released
Wilhelm von Brincken was a German diplomat and military attaché who in 1915 was assigned to the German Consula...
Eckhardt H. von Schack
Released
Eckhardt H. von Schack was the German Vice-Consul in San Francisco. In October 1914, in the early months of Wo...
R
Russell Gómez Dzul
In Custody
Russell Gomez Dzul was stopped by Border Patrol while riding a bicycle in Los Angeles County on June 7, 2025 d...

Institutions in California

Prisons, jails, and detention centers in California that appear in the census’s case files.

San Quentin State PrisonSan Quentin, California
171 cases
Federal Bureau of Prisons
60 cases
Sharp Park Detention CampSharp Park, California
33 cases
Presidio StockadeSan Francisco, California
28 cases
Los Angeles County JailLos Angeles, California
26 cases
Folsom State PrisonFolsom, California
22 cases
San Quentin Rehabilitation CenterSan Quentin, California
16 cases
Metropolitan Detention Center, Los AngelesLos Angeles, California
15 cases