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North Carolina

Political repression plays out state by state — shaped by local institutions, prosecutors, and movements for defense. These are the documented political prisoners and cases the census holds for North Carolina.

192Documented
2In custody
140Released
1Awaiting trial

Eras of repression in North Carolina

Where North Carolina’s entries fall across the census’s historical eras.

1930s 48 1970s 37 1920s 32 2020s 13 1960s 10 1950s 10

Documented cases

192 entries in the census — every one stays in the record, whether the case is open or closed.

E
Edward Ritch
Edward Ritch was one of eight union and labor-defense organizers jailed after a North Charlotte raid in Septem...
I
I. M. Ritchie
Released
I. M. Ritchie was arrested in connection with the strike of unemployed relief workers at High Point, North Car...
W
William Robinson
Released
William Robinson was a free Black civilian servant of a Confederate officer, captured at Hatteras Inlet on Aug...
K
Kenneth Rottger
Kenneth Rottger and his wife Lydia were arrested during an interracial National Hunger March support demonstra...
L
Lydia Rottger
Lydia Rottger was arrested with her husband Kenneth, according to the December 6 Charlotte dispatch. The Dece...
S
Sedell
Sedell was among the Gastonia textile-strike pickets actually arrested and tried on a parading accusation. The...
P
Paul Sheppard
Paul Sheppard was one of eight union and labor-defense organizers jailed after a North Charlotte raid in Septe...
W
Woodrow Wilson Shropshire
Woodrow Wilson Shropshire was a prisoner in a Mecklenburg County, North Carolina chain-gang camp whose feet we...
T
Taylor Shytle
Taylor Shytle was one of eight union and labor-defense organizers jailed after a North Charlotte raid in Septe...
N
Nancy H. Smith
Released
Nancy H. Smith — SOA Watch line-crosser at Fort Benning, Georgia. Convicted of trespass on a military installa...
J
J. H. Stephenson
Released
J. H. Stephenson was a United Textile Workers striker at the Eton Mill in Shelby, North Carolina, charged with...
R
Randall Duncan Stezer
Released
Randall Duncan Stezer, then 17 and living in Graham, North Carolina, was arrested after the May 1, 2010 anti-c...
A
Albert Tetherow
Albert was an NTWU youth organizer arrested in Charlotte on a driving-without-a-license accusation. The Octob...
B
Bertha Tompkinson
Released
Bertha Tompkinson was arrested during Gastonia textile-strike picketing. The May 20 dispatch reports a convict...
E
Elbert Totherow
Released
Elbert Totherow, brother of Fred and head of National Textile Workers Union youth work, was arrested December...
F
Fred Totherow
Fred Totherow, Southern agent of the Daily Worker and Labor Defender, was arrested December 11, 1929 and held...
C
Clarence Townsend
Released
Clarence Townsend is individually listed among eight Gastonia textile-strike defendants already out on bonds i...
G
Gladys Wallace
Released
Gladys Wallace was arrested during Gastonia textile-strike picketing. The May 20 dispatch reports a conviction...
B
Belle Weaver
Belle Weaver was arrested on September 26, 1934. Page 1’s September 27 Concord dispatch names this Young Comm...
J
Joseph Weir
Joseph Weir was convicted in North Carolina in a scheme to carry away several enslaved people. The state’s sup...
W
William Wellman
Released
William Wellman was a Black laborer sentenced to hang in North Carolina in 1942 on the familiar 'rape' charge,...
A
Anne Willett
Anne Willett was imprisoned at the North Carolina Correctional Center for Women in Raleigh and participated in...
M
Marvin Wilson
Released
Marvin Wilson was jailed in Winston-Salem, North Carolina after city police, led by Officer R.A. Spillman, for...
A
Alice Wise
Alice Wise was imprisoned at the North Carolina Correctional Center for Women in Raleigh and participated in t...

Institutions in North Carolina

Prisons, jails, and detention centers in North Carolina that appear in the census’s case files.

North Carolina state courtsWilmington, North Carolina
10 cases
Gaston County JailGastonia, North Carolina
9 cases
North Carolina State Penitentiary (Central Prison)Raleigh, North Carolina
7 cases
Buncombe County Superior Court
5 cases
Union County JailMonroe, North Carolina
3 cases
Camp Lejeune brigCamp Lejeune, North Carolina
2 cases
North Carolina State Prison System
2 cases
FMC ButnerButner, North Carolina
2 cases