Biography
President of the National Union of Marine Cooks and Stewards, a left-led maritime union expelled from the CIO in 1950 for Communist domination. CPUSA member from at least 1937. Signed Taft-Hartley non-Communist affidavits in April 1951; tried and convicted 1955 under 18 U.S.C. § 1001 of falsely denying CPUSA affiliation. Conviction upheld at Bryson v. United States, 396 U.S. 64 (1969).