Joe Graber

Joe Graber, from Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, was convicted at the mass IWW trial in Chicago, sentenced to five years in prison and fined $30,000. He served in the Cook County Jail and Leavenworth Penitentiary from July 4, 1917, to October 18, 1919, and from April 21 to August 3, 1923. Graber was a delegate and organizer for the Marine Transport Workers Industrial Union in Baltimore and for the Coal Mine Workers Industrial Union in Scranton, Pennsylvania. He was convicted despite the Department of Justice's admission that the "record" in his case "contains no proof that Graber did or said anything" to interfere with the war effort.