Records
Court-Martial of Harry L. Charles — Camp Travis, Texas (June 1918)
Excerpts from the proceedings of a general court-martial convened at Camp Travis, Texas, on June 7, 1918, at which Harry L. Charles and 41 conscientious objectors were tried under the 64th Article of War for refusing the order to wear the uniform. Charles, a Quaker from Woodward County, Oklahoma, spoke on behalf of the forty-one defendants. From the Schowalt...
Daily Kennebec journal — 1918-07-01 (Eugene Debs Espionage Act (arrest))
Front-page coverage of Debs' arrest under the Espionage Act
Debs Indicted (Espionage Act, 1918)
Contemporary coverage of Eugene V. Debs's 1918 indictment under the Espionage Act for the Canton, Ohio anti-war speech.
Eugene V. Debs — Canton Speech (1918)
Debs's June 16, 1918 antiwar speech and trial record under the Espionage Act. Debs is the foundational U.S. Espionage Act political prisoner (10-year sentence, Atlanta federal pen); he ran for president from prison in 1920.
Evening star — 1918-08-18 (IWW Chicago Case (Haywood et al. conviction))
Front-page report on guilty verdict for Haywood and 100 IWW defendants
Harrisburg telegraph — 1918-09-14 (Eugene Debs Espionage Act (sentencing))
Day-of report on Debs sentenced to 10 years federal prison
New-York tribune — 1918-06-17 (Eugene Debs Espionage Act (Canton speech))
NY Tribune coverage of Debs' Canton anti-war speech
Oral History Interview — Cornelius Voth (WWI Conscientious Objector)
Transcript of a taped interview with Cornelius Voth, a Mennonite conscientious objector, conducted by James C. Juhnke on June 9, 1968. Voth was drafted August 5, 1918, refused military orders (believing he was within the law because he would have accepted a farm furlough), was court-martialed October 31, 1918, and sent to Fort Leavenworth. Sourcebook, pp. 5–...
Oral History Interview — George S. Miller (WWI Conscientious Objector)
Transcript of a taped interview with George S. Miller, a Mennonite conscientious objector, conducted by Roger Golden on December 18, 1968. Miller was inducted at Camp Dodge, Iowa on July 23, 1918, treated harshly by non-commissioned officers, court-martialed on Armistice Day, sent to the disciplinary barracks at Fort Leavenworth on Christmas Eve, held in sol...
Oral History Interview — Jesse D. Hartzler (WWI Conscientious Objector)
Transcript of a taped interview with Jesse D. Hartzler, a Mennonite conscientious objector, conducted by Roger Golden on December 6, 1968. Hartzler was drafted, arrived at Camp MacArthur, Texas on September 7, 1918, was given a mock trial, beaten and put on bread and water, court-martialed in November, sent to Fort Leavenworth, and released January 7, 1919....
Pine Bluff daily graphic — 1918-08-18 (IWW Chicago Case (Haywood et al. conviction))
Front-page coverage of the IWW Chicago trial verdict
Richmond times-dispatch — 1918-06-17 (Eugene Debs Espionage Act (Canton speech))
Front-page report on Debs' Canton, Ohio anti-war speech
The IWW Bogey (Debs, 1918)
Eugene V. Debs's defense of the IWW against wartime persecution, written in 1918.
The Milwaukee leader — 1918-07-01 (Eugene Debs Espionage Act (arrest))
Front-page report (Debs' own Socialist paper) on his arrest
The Washington herald — 1918-09-15 (Eugene Debs Espionage Act (sentencing))
Front-page report on Debs' 10-year prison sentence